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-{{:logo.png?nolink&30 |}}====== DUSTETHIC - THE COMPLETE GUIDE ====== +{{:logo.png?nolink&30 |}}====== DUSTETHIC - THE COMPLETE GUIDE [2025-11-13] ====== 
- +French version: [[dustethic-guide-v1.1-draft-fr.md|Le guide complet]]
-> French version: [[dustethic-guide-v1.1-draft-fr|Le Guide Complet]]  //adjust internal link if needed//+
  
 **Version**: 1.1-draft\\ **Version**: 1.1-draft\\
-**Date**: 2025-11-06\\ +**Date**: 2025-11-13\\ 
-**Last updated**: [2025-11-06]\\+**Last updated**: [2025-11-13]\\
 **Status**: Phase 0 - Scoping document **Status**: Phase 0 - Scoping document
  
-===== Warning =====+**Warning**::
   * Informational document - not financial or legal advice.   * Informational document - not financial or legal advice.
   * Some capabilities depend on ERC-4337, paymasters and L2 usage.   * Some capabilities depend on ERC-4337, paymasters and L2 usage.
-  * Reference amounts are in crypto units. Fiat equivalents are only indicative. +  * Reference amounts are expressed in crypto units. Fiat equivalents are for readability only. 
-  * Transparency required: commission (published degressive schedule), aggregation windows, supported networks, chosen gas option and **campaign cap** must be publicly displayed. +  * Transparency required: fee schedule (published tier), aggregation windows, supported networks, chosen gas option and **campaign cap** must be disclosed publicly. 
-  * **Campaign cap**: gas + commission + technical reserve ≤ public threshold (e.g., 15%).+  * **Campaign cap**: gas + fee + technical reserve ≤ public threshold (e.g. 15%).
  
 ---- ----
  
 ===== 🎯 Core principle ===== ===== 🎯 Core principle =====
-**We reason in crypto, not in fiat.**\\ + 
-Amounts are counted in native units of the chosen chain. Example: you donate 0.0100 ETH, the NGO receives 0.0090 ETH if the announced commission is 10%. This logic **neutralizes volatility in the split**. The **fiat value remains fluctuating** until each party converts.\\ +**We reason in crypto units, not in fiat.**\\ 
-Euro equivalents exist only for readability.+Amounts are counted in native units of the chain in use. Example: you donate 0.0100 ETH, the NGO receives 0.0090 ETH if the announced fee is 10%. This logic **neutralises volatility in the split** between actors. The **fiat value remains floating** until each party converts its share.\\ 
 +In this guide, fiat equivalents are provided for readability only.
  
 ==== 🔌 Gas policy v0.2 - default ==== ==== 🔌 Gas policy v0.2 - default ====
-  * **L2-first**: operations prioritized on low-fee L2s (e.g., Optimism, Arbitrum) so gas is marginal. + 
-  * **Conditional execution**: execute only when the **donation-to-fee ratio** turns green. +  * **L2-first**: operations are prioritised on low-fee L2s (e.g. Optimism, Arbitrum) so that gas cost stays marginal. 
-  * **Relayer gas pool**: relayer maintains a pool of the native gas token (e.g., ETH on L2 EVM). **No conversion is taken from donations** to fund the commission. +  * **Conditional execution**: only execute when the **ratio ''Aggregated donations / estimated gas''** reaches a favourable threshold **T**. 
-  * **Optional safety net**: if the gas pool is insufficient, a **minimal, on-chain documented conversion** may buy the gas token without changing the split formula.+    * DustEthic v0.2 recommendation: ''T ≥ 30'' by default (≈ 3% gas max before fees). 
 +    * Example with a 7% fee: ''T ≈ 33'' keeps ≈ 90% net for the NGO. 
 +  * **Relayer gas pool**: the relayer maintains a pool of the native gas token (e.g. ETH on L2 EVM). **No conversion is made on donations** to fund the fee. 
 +  * **Optional safety net**: if the gas pool is insufficient, a **minimal, on-chain documented conversion** may be triggered to buy gas token, without changing the distribution formula.
   * **Standard display**:   * **Standard display**:
-    * Formula: <code>NGO net = Aggregated amount - reimbursed gas - relayer commission - technical reserve</code> +    * Calculation formula: ''NGO net = Aggregated amount - reimbursed gas - relayer fee - technical reserve'' 
-    * Commission displayed **as % of donated crypto** (e.g., 7% in ETH if donation in ETH) +    * Fee displayed **as a percentage of the donated crypto** (e.g. 7% in ETH if the donation is in ETH) 
-  * **Transparency**: the chosen gas option (pool, L2-first, safety net) and the **campaign cap** (e.g., 15%) are publicly declared by each relayer.+  * **Transparency**: chosen gas option (gas pool, L2-first, safety net) and **campaign cap** (e.g. 15%) are **disclosed publicly** by each relayer. 
 + 
 +---- 
 + 
 +===== 📚 Table of contents ===== 
 + 
 +  * Core principle 
 +  * Gas policy v0.2 - default 
 +  * 1) The real problem today 
 +  * 2) The solution proposed by DustEthic 
 +  * 3) Realistic operational flow 
 +  * 4) Gas, conversions and design options 
 +  * 5) Volatility - principles and strategies 
 +  * 6) Actors and responsibilities 
 +  * 7) Donors - how it works 
 +  * 8) NGOs - integration, accounting, compliance 
 +  * 9) Relayers - minimum requirements for DustEthic v0.1 
 +  * 10) Market references and positioning 
 +  * 11) Roadmap 
 +  * 12) Join the project 
 +  * 13) Licence 
 +  * 14) Notes and references 
 + 
 +----
  
 ===== 1) The real problem today ===== ===== 1) The real problem today =====
-  * On Ethereum L1, **gas is paid in ETH** and can exceed small donations. On L2 it is much lower but never zero. + 
-  * Several EVM L2s also use **ETH as gas token** (e.g., Arbitrum, Optimism). Polygon PoS uses **POL** after MATIC→POL migration. +  * On Ethereum L1, **gas fees are paid in ETH** and can exceed small donations. On L2 they are much lower, but never zero. 
-  * Consequence: an isolated micro-donation is often inefficient on L1, sometimes acceptable on L2, and depends on network conditions.+  * Several EVM L2s also use **ETH as gas token** (e.g. Arbitrum, Optimism). Polygon PoS uses **POL** following the MATIC→POL migration. 
 +  * As a result, an isolated micro-donation is often inefficient on L1, sometimes acceptable on L2, and depends heavily on network conditions. 
 + 
 +----
  
 ===== 2) The solution proposed by DustEthic ===== ===== 2) The solution proposed by DustEthic =====
-**Aggregation + on-chain transparency + split in crypto units**: 
-  * **Relayers** aggregate micro-donations during a limited period, then perform **one grouped transfer** to the NGO. 
-  * Split **in crypto units**, with **gas reimbursed first** and **published degressive commission**. 
-  * Publication of a **campaign cap**: gas + commission + technical reserve ≤ public threshold (e.g., 15%). 
-  * NGO share and commission are **expressed as a percentage of donated crypto**, not as a fiat equivalent. 
-  * Traceability via public explorers (e.g., Etherscan). 
  
-**Existing technical bricks**: +**Aggregation + on-chain transparency + splitting in crypto units**: 
-  * **Account Abstraction ERC-4337** with **paymasters** for donor-side gas sponsoring. + 
-  * **EIP-2612 permit** where available, approving by signature without an on-chain approve.+  * **Relayers** aggregate micro-donations over a limited period, then perform **one grouped payout** to the NGO. 
 +  * Splitting happens **in crypto units**, with **gas reimbursed first** and a published **degressive fee schedule**. 
 +  * A **campaign cap** is published: gas + fee + technical reserve ≤ public threshold (e.g. 15%). 
 +  * The NGO share and the fee are **expressed as a percentage of the donated crypto**, not a fiat equivalent. 
 +  * Traceability is ensured via public explorers (e.g. Etherscan for Ethereum). 
 + 
 +**Building blocks already exist**: 
 + 
 +  * **Account Abstraction ERC-4337** with **paymasters** to sponsor donor gas. 
 +  * **EIP-2612 permit**, when available, for approvals by signature without an on-chain ''approve'' transaction. 
 + 
 +----
  
 ===== 3) Realistic operational flow ===== ===== 3) Realistic operational flow =====
 +
 **Step 1 - Donation** **Step 1 - Donation**
-  * AA smart account with paymaster: **gas sponsored**, donor does not pay directly. + 
-  * EOA + token with permit: **gasless approval**, then relayed donation. +  * Donation via AA smart account with paymaster: **gas sponsored**, donor does not pay directly. 
-  * EOA + token without permit: a **paid approval** may be required depending on the token.+  * Donation via EOA + token with permit: **approval without gas**, then relayed donation. 
 +  * Donation via EOA + token without permit: a **paid approval** may be required, depending on the token.
  
 **Step 2 - Aggregation** **Step 2 - Aggregation**
-  * Donations collected in an aggregation contract. Triggers: amount threshold, max time window, acceptable gas window. 
  
-**Step 3 - Grouped transfer** +  * Donations are collected into an aggregation smart contract. Recommended triggers: amount threshold, maximum time window, acceptable gas window.
-  * A single transaction ships funds to the NGO. +
-  * Standard formula: +
-    * <code>NGO net = Aggregated amount - reimbursed gas - relayer commission - technical reserve</code>+
  
-**Step 4 - Public reporting** +**Step 3 - Grouped payout** 
-  * Donations, any conversions and the final transfer are visible on the chain explorer.+ 
 +  * A single transaction sends the funds to the NGO. 
 +  * Standardised formula: ''NGO net = Aggregated amount - reimbursed gas - relayer fee - technical reserve'' 
 + 
 +**Step 4 - Public breakdown** 
 + 
 +  * Donations, any conversions and the final payout can be inspected on the chain explorer. 
 + 
 +----
  
 ===== 4) Gas, conversions and design options ===== ===== 4) Gas, conversions and design options =====
-**Physical constraints**: on EVM, gas is paid in the **native token** of the chain. Examples: ETH on Ethereum, Optimism, Arbitrum. **POL** on Polygon PoS.\\ + 
-To respect “no conversion for the commission”, DustEthic **v0.2** proposes **explicit options** to fund gas: +**Physical constraints**: on EVM, gas is paid in the **native token** of the chain. Examples: ETH on Ethereum, Optimism, Arbitrum; **POL** on Polygon PoS.\\ 
-  * **Option A - Relayer gas pool**: no conversion from donations. +To respect the principle “no donation conversion for the fee”, DustEthic **v0.2** proposes explicit **gas funding options**: 
-  * **Option B - Minimal documented conversion**: pro-rata in-kind skim to buy gas token, logged on-chain, without affecting the split beyond gas cost. + 
-  * **Option C - L2-first**: prioritize low-fee L2s so gas is marginal. +  * **Option A - Relayer gas pool**: the relayer maintains a pool of the required gas token. No conversion on donations. 
-  * **Option D - Sponsors**: paymasters funded by partners, reimbursed periodically.+  * **Option B - Minimal documented conversion**: pro-rata skim in kind to buy gas token, logged on-chain, without affecting the split formula beyond gas cost. 
 +  * **Option C - L2-first**: operate primarily on low-fee L2s so gas is marginal. 
 +  * **Option D - Sponsors**: paymasters funded by partners who supply gas and are reimbursed periodically. 
 + 
 +----
  
 ===== 5) Volatility - principles and strategies ===== ===== 5) Volatility - principles and strategies =====
-**Rule**: the split is performed in crypto units. Percentages remain constant; the euro value varies until the NGO and relayer convert.\\ + 
-**Stablecoins**: reduce volatility but **do not eliminate risk** (depeg, freezes, issuer risk).\\+**Rule**: splitting happens in crypto units. Percentages stay constant; fiat value moves until the NGO and relayer convert. 
 + 
 +**Stablecoins**: reduce volatility but **do not remove risk** (depeg, address freezes, issuer risk). 
 **Post-receipt strategies**: **Post-receipt strategies**:
-  * **NGO**: sell immediately, sell partially, or hold. + 
-  * **Relayer**: periodic selling, holding, or mixed approach.+  * **NGO**: sell immediately, sell partially, or hold according to internal policy and risk tolerance. 
 +  * **Relayer**: regular selling, holding, or a mixed approach. 
 + 
 +----
  
 ===== 6) Actors and responsibilities ===== ===== 6) Actors and responsibilities =====
-  * **Donors**: send small amounts, ideally via AA.+ 
 +  * **Donors**: send small amounts, ideally via AA so they don’t pay gas directly.
   * **Relayers**: operate aggregation, publish public parameters, comply with v0.1 and keep **signed logs** of sensitive operations (with on-chain links).   * **Relayers**: operate aggregation, publish public parameters, comply with v0.1 and keep **signed logs** of sensitive operations (with on-chain links).
-  * **NGOs**: receive directly into their wallet, set a conversion policy and minimal compliance procedures.+  * **NGOs**: receive funds directly into their wallet, define a conversion policy and basic compliance procedures. 
 + 
 +---- 
 + 
 +===== 7) Donors - how it works =====
  
-===== 7) Donors - how to ===== 
   - Choose a DustEthic-compliant relayer.   - Choose a DustEthic-compliant relayer.
   - Connect your wallet.   - Connect your wallet.
   - Select the NGO.   - Select the NGO.
   - Enter the amount in **crypto**.   - Enter the amount in **crypto**.
-  - Sign (AA/permit if possible, otherwise paid approve depending on token).+  - Sign.
  
-**Cost for the donor**: ideally zero via AA or permit. Otherwise, only the initial approval if required. Final transfer gas is **mutualized** and deducted before NGO payout.\\ +Depending on the setup, the donation is gasless via AA or permit. Otherwise a paid approval may be required depending on the token. 
-**Tracking**: each donation and the final transfer are visible on the chain explorer.+ 
 +**Cost for the donor**: ideally zero via AA or permit. Otherwise, only the initial approval if required by the token. Gas for the final grouped payout is **mutualised** and deducted before the NGO payout. 
 + 
 +**Tracking**: each donation and the final payout are visible on the chain explorer. 
 + 
 +----
  
 ===== 8) NGOs - integration, accounting, compliance ===== ===== 8) NGOs - integration, accounting, compliance =====
-  * **Recommended wallet**: **Safe** multi-signature. 
-  * **Fiat conversion**: via a registered exchange. 
-  * **Accounting**: record upon receipt, define conversion policy, track addresses. 
-  * **Minimal compliance**: **address screening** and a written policy. References: **OFAC**, **FATF R.15 / Travel Rule**. 
  
-===== 9) Relayers - minimum requirements DustEthic v0.1 =====+  * **Recommended wallet**: **Safe** (ex-Gnosis Safe) with multi-signature for custody. 
 +  * **Fiat conversion**: via a registered exchange, according to internal policies. 
 +  * **Accounting**: book the value at reception time, define a conversion policy, track addresses. 
 +  * **Minimal compliance**: even in a non-custodial setup, adopt **address screening** and a written policy. References: **OFAC** and **FATF R.15 / Travel Rule**. Exact obligations depend on jurisdiction and status. 
 + 
 +---- 
 + 
 +===== 9) Relayers - minimum requirements for DustEthic v0.1 ===== 
 **Transparency** **Transparency**
-  * Open-source code. Public parameters: **degressive commission** (suggested max 15%), **campaign cap**, aggregation windows, supported networks, chosen gas option.+ 
 +  * Open-source code. Public parameters: **degressive fee schedule** (suggested max 15%), **campaign cap**, aggregation windows, supported networks, chosen gas option.
   * **Signed logs** and on-chain links; **CSV** export.   * **Signed logs** and on-chain links; **CSV** export.
   * Readable on-chain dashboard.   * Readable on-chain dashboard.
  
 **Non-custodial** **Non-custodial**
-  * Funds held by smart contracts. No unilateral withdrawal.+ 
 +  * Funds held by smart contracts. Technical governance without unilateral withdrawal power.
  
 **Technical governance** **Technical governance**
-  * Admin under **Safe multi-sig**, timelock on critical changes, emergency procedures.+ 
 +  * Admin roles under **Safe multi-sig**. Timelock on critical changes. Emergency procedures.
  
 **Security** **Security**
 +
   * Independent audit before mainnet. Bug bounty after launch.   * Independent audit before mainnet. Bug bounty after launch.
  
 **Gas and conversions** **Gas and conversions**
-  * Explicitly choose Option A, B, C or D and display publicly. + 
-  * **Execute only if donation-to-fee ratio is favorable**; **gas reimbursed first**. +  * Explicitly choose Option A, B, C or D and display it publicly. 
-  * Commission always as % of donated crypto (published **degressive** schedule). +  * **Execute only if the ratio ''Aggregated donations / estimated gas ≥ T''** (T ≥ 30 recommended); **gas reimbursed first**. 
-  * If a gas conversion is necessary, log it on-chain.+  * Fee always expressed as a percentage of the donated crypto (published **degressive** schedule). 
 +  * If gas conversion is necessary, log it on-chain.
  
 **AA and compatibility** **AA and compatibility**
-  * ERC-4337 + paymaster recommended on L2. Fallback **EIP-2771** if 4337/7702 (AA) not supported. 
  
-**Asset allowlist v1** +  * ERC-4337 support and paymaster recommended on L2. The published EntryPoint is the implementation reference. 
-  * Ethereum and EVM L2s: ETH, USDC, USDT. +  * Fallback: **EIP-2771** meta-transactions where 4337/7702 (AA) is not supported. 
-  * Polygon PoS: possible but **gas in POL** - plan the logistics. + 
-  * Reject by default illiquid, taxed, honeypot or no-permit tokens if UX impractical.+**v1 asset whitelist** 
 + 
 +  * Ethereum & EVM L2s: ETH, USDC, USDT. 
 +  * Polygon PoS: possible, but **gas in POL** - plan logistics accordingly. 
 +  * By default reject illiquid, taxed, honeypot tokens or those without permit support if UX becomes impractical.
  
 **Minimal compliance** **Minimal compliance**
 +
   * Proportionate AML policy, basic screening, logging of refusals.   * Proportionate AML policy, basic screening, logging of refusals.
 +
 +----
  
 ===== 10) Market references and positioning ===== ===== 10) Market references and positioning =====
-  * **Every.org**: USD conversion, 1% broker + network. [[https://www.every.org/crypto|Link]] + 
-  * **The Giving Block**: packages + processing fees. [[https://thegivingblock.com/|Link]] +  * “Classic” crypto donation platforms exist and mainly target medium or large donations with fast fiat conversion. 
-  * **DustEthic**: **micro-donations via aggregation**, **native crypto split** on L2, with **published campaign cap** and **degressive commission**.+    * **Every.org**: instant conversion to USD, 1% broker fee + network fees. 
 +    * **The Giving Block**: subscription packages and processing fees, details provided commercially. 
 +  * **DustEthic** focuses on **micro-donations via aggregation**, **native crypto splitting** on low-fee L2s, with a published **campaign cap** and **degressive fee schedule**. 
 + 
 +----
  
 ===== 11) Roadmap ===== ===== 11) Roadmap =====
 +
 **Phase 0 - Foundations [Q4 2025]** **Phase 0 - Foundations [Q4 2025]**
-  * Standard v0.1 specification + 
-  * Asset/network allowlist v1 +  * v0.1 standard specification 
-  * Aggregation + paymaster contracts design - testnet+  * v1 asset and network whitelist 
 +  * Aggregation and paymaster contract design - testnet
   * Security and governance policy   * Security and governance policy
  
 **Phase 1 - Development [2026]** **Phase 1 - Development [2026]**
 +
   * Open-source reference implementation   * Open-source reference implementation
-  * Tests on Sepolia + L2s+  * Sepolia and matching L2 testing
   * Third-party audit   * Third-party audit
   * Pilots with 1 relayer and 2 NGOs   * Pilots with 1 relayer and 2 NGOs
  
 **Phase 2 - Launch [2026+]** **Phase 2 - Launch [2026+]**
-  * Mainnet + 2 L2s + 
-  * 3-5 compliant relayers, 10+ NGOs+  * Mainnet + 2 L2 deployments 
 +  * 3–5 compliant relayers, 10+ NGOs
   * Community dashboard   * Community dashboard
  
-**Phase 3 - Extension [2027+]**+**Phase 3 - Expansion [2027+]** 
   * More L2s, possibly other EVM ecosystems   * More L2s, possibly other EVM ecosystems
   * Broader governance if traction   * Broader governance if traction
 +
 +----
  
 ===== 12) Join the project ===== ===== 12) Join the project =====
-  * **Developers**: smart accounts, paymasters, aggregators. ERC-4337 + EntryPoint refs. + 
-  * **NGOs**: test with **Safe** and an internal conversion policy. +  * **Developers**: smart accounts, paymasters, aggregators. ERC-4337 and EntryPoint are good starting points. 
-  * **Relayers**: L2-first implementation, publish gas metrics and delays.+  * **NGOs**: test with a **Safe** wallet and an internal conversion policy. 
 +  * **Relayers**: run an L2-first implementation and publicly document gas metrics and delays.
   * **Community**: feedback, translations, content.   * **Community**: feedback, translations, content.
  
 Useful links: Useful links:
-  * Website: [[https://dustethic.org]] + 
-  * Discord: [[https://discord.gg/fVFc26GV]] +  * Website: https://dustethic.org 
-  * GitHub: [[https://github.com/DustEthic]]+  * Discord: https://discord.gg/fVFc26GV 
 +  * GitHub: https://github.com/DustEthic
   * Bluesky: @dustethic.bsky.social   * Bluesky: @dustethic.bsky.social
  
-===== 13) License =====+---- 
 + 
 +===== 13) Licence ===== 
   * Text: **CC BY 4.0**   * Text: **CC BY 4.0**
   * Future code: **MIT**   * Future code: **MIT**
 +
 +----
  
 ===== 14) Notes and references ===== ===== 14) Notes and references =====
-  * **ERC-4337**: [[https://docs.erc4337.io/]] - [[https://docs.erc4337.io/smart-accounts/entrypoint-explainer.html]] - [[https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/5.x/account-abstraction]] + 
-  * **EIP-2612 - Permit**: [[https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts-cairo/2.x/guides/erc20-permit]] - [[https://www.quicknode.com/guides/ethereum-development/transactions/how-to-use-erc20-permit-approval]] +(Same URLs as in the GitHub version.) 
-  * **Gas**: [[https://etherscan.io/gastracker]] - [[https://docs.optimism.io/app-developers/transactions/estimates]] - [[https://docs.arbitrum.io/learn-more/faq]] - [[https://polygon.technology/blog/matic-to-pol-migration-is-99-complete-everything-you-need-to-know]] + 
-  * **Stablecoins**: [[https://www.mdpi.com/2674-1032/3/4/30]] - [[https://www.investopedia.com/usdc-loses-peg-7254222]] +----
-  * **Safe**: [[https://docs.safe.global/]] - [[https://safe.global/wallet]] +
-  * **Compliance**: OFAC [[https://ofac.treasury.gov/faqs/topic/1626]] - [[https://ofac.treasury.gov/media/913571/download?inline=]] - FATF [[https://www.fatf-gafi.org/en/publications/Fatfrecommendations/targeted-update-virtual-assets-vasps-2024.html]] - [[https://www.fatf-gafi.org/content/dam/fatf-gafi/recommendations/2025-Targeted-Upate-VA-VASPs.pdf.coredownload.pdf]] - [[https://www.fatf-gafi.org/content/dam/fatf-gafi/recommendations/Best-Practices-Travel-Rule-Supervision.pdf]]+
  
 **End of DustEthic Guide v1.1-draft** **End of DustEthic Guide v1.1-draft**
  
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