====== DustEthic - Wallet White Paper v1.0 (EN) ====== French version: [[fr:wallets-livre-blanc|Le Livre Blanc DustEthic - Wallets]] **Version**: 1.0-draft\\ **Date**: 2025-12-10\\ **Last updated**: 2025-12-10\\ ---- ===== 0. Important disclaimer - document status ===== This document combines two types of information: * **Current and verifiable elements** * Description of the DustEthic Standard as published on the official repositories and on dustethic.org. * Public technical references about wallets, account abstraction, ERC 4337, EIP 7702, paymasters, relayers, etc. * **Projections, examples and design assumptions** * All amounts, percentages, adoption rates, donation volumes, fee models, revenue scenarios and roadmaps are **working illustrations**. * They do not describe the actual performance of any wallet, relayer, NGO or of the DustEthic project, and they may change or be discarded. As a result: * This document is **not**: * a promise of profit, yield or future performance, * a financial product offering, * a contractual commitment from DustEthic or from any partner. * Each stakeholder (wallet, relayer, NGO, user) must: * perform their own technical, legal, tax and regulatory checks, * adapt or reject the examples if they do not fit their context. * If there is any conflict between this document and: * the DustEthic Standard published on the official repositories, * or the most recent technical documentation, then **the most recent official sources** prevail. This document must be read as a **design and discussion support**, not as a final description of a production system. ---- ===== 1. Context and objectives ===== DustEthic turns "dust" in non custodial wallets (small unusable balances) into aggregated, traceable micro donations, through an open documented standard. Wallets are key for DustEthic: * they detect dust * they host the UX * they enable wide distribution. This document focuses on: * functional role of wallets in DustEthic * technical integration options (EOA, AA, EIP 4337, EIP 7702) * commission models for wallets * potential gain examples * the DustEthic wallet module mockup. ---- ===== 2. Role of the wallet in the DustEthic Standard ===== ==== 2.1 Actors recap ==== * Donor: end user, wallet owner * Wallet: UX and signing component * DustEthic Relayer / Aggregator: aggregation and donation logic * Paymaster / Bundler: gas sponsorship and UserOperation handling * NGO / Beneficiary project: final recipient * DustEthic Standard: public rules, APIs, best practices. ==== 2.2 Wallet position ==== The wallet is: * UX entry point * consent gatekeeper (explicit opt in) * technical router (tokens, networks, frequencies, fee preferences). The standard: * enforces fee transparency * enforces minimal traceability * forbids any "yield" or investment like promise. ---- ===== 3. User journeys inside the wallet ===== ==== 3.1 Activation (strong opt in) ==== Typical steps: - open wallet - discover "DustEthic" module - read a simple explanation (dust, aggregation, actors, fees) - accept terms and privacy - choose NGO categories or NGOs. ==== 3.2 Initial configuration ==== User selects: * networks and tokens * dust thresholds * action mode (manual, periodic, opportunistic). ==== 3.3 Manual sweep (minimal viable scenario) ==== * tap "Scan my dust" * wallet detects balances and applies thresholds * user selects tokens and NGOs * wallet displays donation estimate, fees, gas * user signs transaction or UserOperation. ==== 3.4 Automatic modes and safeguards ==== * explicit activation * monthly cap * operation level limit * pause and disable options * notifications. ---- ===== 4. Technical architecture on the wallet side ===== ==== 4.1 EOA vs Account Abstraction ==== Case 1: EOA wallets: * regular transactions to DustEthic Aggregator * gas paid in native token. Case 2: AA wallets (ERC 4337, EIP 7702): * UserOperations or sponsored transactions * paymaster pays gas * smoother UX. ==== 4.2 Integration with relayers, bundlers, paymasters ==== "DustEthic Wallet Connector" provides: * dust detection or indexer integration * simulations (amount, gas, fees) * transaction or UserOperation building * monitoring and receipts. Relayer may act as bundler and or paymaster depending on setup. ---- ===== 5. Commission model for wallets ===== ==== 5.1 Core principles ==== * fees only on DustEthic flows, not on base balances * modest percentages * transparent breakdown (NGO, relayer, wallet, standard). ==== 5.2 Illustrative grid (non binding) ==== Example: * gross donation: 100 units * total fee: 3 % * breakdown: * 1.5 % relayer * 1.0 % wallet * 0.5 % DustEthic fund * NGO net: 97 units. Standard requires: * clear disclosure * no hidden conversion fees * optional "full NGO" mode. ==== 5.3 Alternative scenarios ==== * zero wallet fee mode * sponsor covered campaigns * premium wallet mode with extra services. ---- ===== 6. Potential gains for a wallet (examples) ===== All examples are non binding. ==== 6.1 Example 1 - Medium wallet ==== Assumptions: * 1 000 000 MAU * 10 % DustEthic activation * 2 sweeps per year * 5 USD per sweep * 1 % wallet commission. Rough results: * 100 000 DustEthic users * 200 000 sweeps * 1 000 000 USD donations * about 10 000 USD wallet fees per year. ==== 6.2 Example 2 - Large wallet ==== Assumptions: * 10 000 000 MAU * 15 % activation * 3 sweeps per year * 7 USD per sweep * 1 % wallet fee. Rough results: * 1 500 000 users * 4 500 000 sweeps * about 31 500 000 USD donations * about 315 000 USD fees per year. ---- ===== 7. DustEthic wallet module mockup ===== ==== 7.1 UX principles ==== * reassuring * simple for non experts * transparent amounts and fees. ==== 7.2 Screen 1 - Introduction ==== * title "Turn your dust into donations" * short explanation * key bullets (control, transparency, traceability) * "Set up DustEthic" and "Learn more" actions. ==== 7.3 Screen 2 - Token and threshold selection ==== * list of tokens and networks * balances and dust parts * check boxes * settings for thresholds and frequencies. ==== 7.4 Screen 3 - NGO selection ==== * categories (environment, education, etc.) * NGO partner list * future filters. ==== 7.5 Screen 4 - Summary and fees ==== * gross donation estimate * fees breakdown * NGO net * gas estimate * "Sign and run sweep" button. ==== 7.6 Screen 5 - History and receipts ==== * date, network, token * gross, fees, net * transaction hash * NGO. ---- ===== 8. Risks, constraints and open questions ===== ==== 8.1 UX and reputation risks ==== * confusion between explicit donations and perceived auto charges * negative perception if fees are seen as excessive. ==== 8.2 Technical constraints ==== * AA integration complexity * cross chain management * robust logging and receipts. ==== 8.3 Regulatory constraints ==== * different classifications (donation vs payment service) * need to avoid any investment like perception. ==== 8.4 Open questions ==== * wallet API standardization level * governance of the standard * funding model for the standard. ---- ===== 9. Integration roadmap (high level) ===== - Phase 0: discovery. - Phase 1: internal prototype on testnet. - Phase 2: limited pilot. - Phase 3: progressive rollout. - Phase 4: standardization and optimization. ---- ===== 10. Critical summary (devil s advocate) ===== Strengths: * additional revenue stream * pro social brand * open standard. Weaknesses: * uncertain profitability * UX and reputation risks * maintenance and compliance costs. Conclusion: DustEthic is unlikely to become a main revenue line but can be a coherent "Web3 for good" module. ---- ===== 11. External sources (technical background) ===== * ERC 4337 - Account Abstraction: * https://docs.erc4337.io * https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/erc-4337-account-abstraction-via-entry-point-contract-specification/7160 * Account abstraction and smart wallets: * https://www.alchemy.com/overviews/what-is-account-abstraction * https://docs.stackup.fi/docs/understanding-erc-4337 * Paymasters and gas sponsorship: * https://www.alchemy.com/overviews/what-is-a-paymaster * EIP 7702: * https://www.quicknode.com/guides/ethereum-development/smart-contracts/eip-7702-smart-accounts * https://www.openfort.io/blog/eip-7702-with-erc-4337 * Wallet and exchange revenue models: * https://streamflow.finance/blog/how-does-a-crypto-wallet-make-money * https://www.coinsclone.com/how-do-crypto-wallets-make-money * https://trusteeglobal.eu/academy/how-cryptocurrency-fees-are-calculated