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DUSTETHIC - THE COMPLETE GUIDE

French version: Le Guide Complet

Version: 1.1-draft
Date: October 2025
Last updated: [2025-10-21]
Status: Phase 0 - Scoping document

⚠️ Phase 0 - Scoping document - Informational document - not financial or legal advice. - Some capabilities depend on ERC-4337, paymasters and L2 usage. - Reference amounts are in crypto units. Fiat equivalents are indicative only. - Transparency required: fee rate, aggregation windows, supported networks and chosen gas option must be publicly displayed.

🎯 Core principle

Think in crypto, not in fiat.
Amounts are counted in the native units of the chain. Example: you donate 0.0100 ETH, the NGO receives 0.0090 ETH if the publicly declared commission is 10%. This neutralizes volatility in the split among actors. Fiat value still fluctuates until each party converts.
In this guide, fiat is only used to aid understanding.

🔌 Gas policy v0.1 - default

  • L2-first: operate primarily on low-fee L2s (for example Optimism, Arbitrum) so gas is marginal.
  • Relayer gas pool: the relayer maintains a pool of the chain’s gas token (for example ETH on EVM L2). No donor funds are converted to finance the relayer’s commission.
  • Optional safety net: if the gas pool runs short, a minimal, on-chain documented conversion can be triggered to acquire gas token, without changing the standard split formula.
  • Standard display:
    • Formula: NGO net = Gross amount - gas - network fees - commission
  • Commission shown as a percentage of the donated crypto (for example 7% in ETH when the donation is in ETH)
  • Transparency: the chosen gas option (gas pool, L2-first, safety net) is declared publicly by each relayer.

📚 Table of contents

1) The real problem today

  • On Ethereum L1, gas is paid in ETH and may exceed small donations. On L2, fees are much lower, but not zero.
  • Several EVM L2s also use ETH as gas (for example Arbitrum, Optimism). Polygon PoS uses POL since the MATIC to POL migration.
  • Result: a single micro-donation is often inefficient on L1, sometimes acceptable on L2, and depends on current network conditions.

2) DustEthic’s proposed solution

Aggregation + on-chain transparency + splitting in crypto units:

  • Relayers aggregate micro-donations during a limited window, then execute one grouped transfer to the NGO.
  • NGO share, network fees and relayer commission are calculated as a percentage of the donated crypto, not a fiat equivalent.
  • Transparency via public explorers (for example Etherscan on Ethereum).

Existing technical building blocks:

  • Account Abstraction ERC-4337 with paymasters to sponsor user gas.
  • EIP-2612 permit where available, enabling approval by signature without an on-chain approve transaction.

3) Realistic operational flow

Step 1 - Donation
- Smart account with AA and paymaster: gas is sponsored, donor does not pay directly.
- EOA + token with permit: approval without gas, then relayed donation.
- EOA + token without permit: an on-chain approval may be required, depending on the token.

Step 2 - Aggregation
- Donations are collected in an aggregation smart contract. Recommended triggers: amount threshold, max time window, acceptable gas window.

Step 3 - Grouped transfer
- A single transaction sends funds to the NGO.
- Standard formula:
- NGO net = Gross amount - gas - network fees - commission

Step 4 - Public reporting
- Donations, any minimal conversions and the final payout are visible on the chain explorer.

4) Gas, conversions and design options

Physical constraints: on EVM, gas is paid in the chain’s native token. Examples: ETH on Ethereum, Optimism, Arbitrum. POL on Polygon PoS.
To uphold the principle “no conversion for the commission”, DustEthic v0.1 proposes explicit options for gas funding:

  • Option A - Relayer gas pool: relayer keeps the required gas token. No conversion on donor funds.
  • Option B - Minimal documented conversion: pro-rata skim to buy gas token, logged on-chain, and not changing the split beyond the gas cost.
  • Option C - L2-first: operate primarily on low-fee L2s so gas is marginal.
  • Option D - Sponsored paymasters: partners preload the gas pool and are periodically reimbursed.

5) Volatility - principles and strategies

Rule: the split is made in crypto units. Percentages stay constant, fiat value varies until the NGO or relayer converts.

Stablecoins: reduce volatility but do not eliminate risk (for example depeg, address freeze, issuer risk).

After receiving:
- NGO: sell immediately, sell partially, or hold depending on internal policy and risk tolerance.
- Relayer: sell regularly, hold, or mixed approach.

6) Actors and responsibilities

  • Donors: send small amounts, ideally via AA to avoid paying gas directly.
  • Relayers: operate aggregation, publish public parameters, comply with v0.1 spec and keep a public log for sensitive operations.
  • NGOs: receive directly to their wallet, define a conversion policy and minimal compliance procedures.

7) Donors - how it works

  1. Pick a relayer that complies with DustEthic.
  1. Connect your wallet.
  1. Choose the NGO.
  1. Enter the amount in crypto units.
  1. Sign. Gasless via AA or permit when available. Otherwise a one-time approval may be needed depending on the token.

Cost for donors: ideally zero via AA or permit. Otherwise only the initial approval when required by the token. Gas for the final grouped transfer is mutualized and deducted before the NGO payout.

Tracking: each donation and the final payout are visible on the chain explorer.

8) NGOs - integration, accounting, compliance

Recommended wallet: Safe multi-signature for custody.
Fiat conversion: via a registered exchange, per your internal policy.
Accounting: record value at receipt time, define conversion policy, track addresses.
Minimal compliance: even in non-custodial setups, adopt basic address screening and a written policy. References: OFAC and FATF R.15 / Travel Rule. Exact obligations depend on your jurisdiction and status.

9) Relayers - minimum requirements for DustEthic v0.1

Transparency
- Open-source code. Public parameters: commission rate, aggregation windows, supported networks, chosen gas option.
- Readable on-chain dashboard.

Non-custodial
- Funds held by smart contracts. Technical governance without unilateral withdrawal power.

Technical governance
- Admin roles under Safe multi-sig. Timelock for critical changes. Emergency procedures.

Security
- Independent audit before mainnet. Bug bounty after launch.

Gas and conversions
- Explicitly choose Option A, B, C or D and display it publicly.
- Commission always as a percentage of the donated crypto.
- If any gas conversion is required, log it on-chain.

AA and compatibility
- ERC-4337 and paymaster support recommended on L2. The published EntryPoint is the reference implementation.

v1 allowlist of assets
- Ethereum and EVM L2: ETH, USDC, USDT.
- Polygon PoS: viable but gas in POL - plan logistics accordingly.
- By default reject illiquid, taxed, honeypot tokens or those without permit if UX becomes impractical.

Minimal compliance
- Proportionate AML policy, basic screening, logging of refusals.

10) Market references and positioning

  • Crypto donation platforms for regular size donations already exist and often convert immediately to fiat.
    • Every.org: instant USD conversion, broker fee about 1% + network fees.
  • The Giving Block: commercial packages and processing fees.
  • DustEthic focuses on micro-donations via aggregation and native crypto splits on low-fee L2s.

11) Roadmap

Phase 0 - Foundations [Q4 2025]
- Spec v0.1
- v1 allowlist of assets and networks
- Aggregation contracts and paymaster design - testnet
- Security and governance policy

Phase 1 - Development [2026]
- Open-source reference implementation
- Tests on Sepolia and relevant L2s
- Third-party audit
- Pilots with 1 relayer and 2 NGOs

Phase 2 - Launch [2026+]
- Mainnet + 2 L2 deployments
- 3-5 compliant relayers, 10+ NGOs
- Community dashboard

Phase 3 - Expansion [2027+]
- More L2s, possibly other EVM ecosystems
- Broader governance if traction emerges

12) Join the project

  • Developers: smart accounts, paymasters, aggregators. Start with ERC-4337 and EntryPoint docs.
  • NGOs: test with a Safe wallet and an internal conversion policy.
  • Relayers: pilot an L2-first implementation and publish gas and delay metrics.
  • Community: feedback, translations, content.

Useful links:
- Website: https://dustethic.org
- Discord: https://discord.gg/fVFc26GV
- GitHub: https://github.com/DustEthic
- Bluesky: @dustethic.bsky.social

13) License

  • Text: CC BY 4.0
  • Future code: MIT

14) Notes and references

  • ERC-4337 - Account Abstraction: docs and EntryPoint
    • https://docs.erc4337.io/
  • https://docs.erc4337.io/smart-accounts/entrypoint-explainer.html
  • OpenZeppelin AA overview: https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/5.x/account-abstraction
  • EIP-2612 - Permit
  • OpenZeppelin guide: https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts-cairo/2.x/guides/erc20-permit
  • Optimism - fee estimates: https://docs.optimism.io/app-developers/transactions/estimates
  • Arbitrum - gas in ETH FAQ: https://docs.arbitrum.io/learn-more/faq
  • Polygon PoS - MATIC to POL migration: https://polygon.technology/blog/matic-to-pol-migration-is-99-complete-everything-you-need-to-know
  • Stablecoin volatility
  • USDC depeg March 2023 (academic analysis): https://www.mdpi.com/2674-1032/3/4/30
  • Press summary: https://www.investopedia.com/usdc-loses-peg-7254222
  • Custody security
  • Safe (ex-Gnosis Safe): https://docs.safe.global/ and https://safe.global/wallet
  • Compliance - AML, OFAC, FATF
  • OFAC - virtual currency FAQ: https://ofac.treasury.gov/faqs/topic/1626
  • OFAC - Guidance PDF: https://ofac.treasury.gov/media/913571/download?inline=
  • The Giving Block - offers and fee packages: https://thegivingblock.com/ and https://thegivingblock.com/packages/

End of DustEthic Guide v1.1-draft

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