DustEthic - Wallet White Paper v1.0 (EN)

French version: Le Livre Blanc DustEthic - Wallets

Version: 1.0-draft
Date: 2025-12-10
Last updated: 2025-12-10

This document combines two types of information:

• Current and verifiable elements
  • Description of the DustEthic Standard as published on the official repositories and on dustethic.org.
  • Public technical references about wallets, account abstraction, ERC 4337, EIP 7702, paymasters, relayers, etc.

• Projections, examples and design assumptions
  • All amounts, percentages, adoption rates, donation volumes, fee models, revenue scenarios and roadmaps are working illustrations.
  • They do not describe the actual performance of any wallet, relayer, NGO or of the DustEthic project, and they may change or be discarded.

As a result:

• This document is not:
  • a promise of profit, yield or future performance,
  • a financial product offering,
  • a contractual commitment from DustEthic or from any partner.

• Each stakeholder (wallet, relayer, NGO, user) must:
  • perform their own technical, legal, tax and regulatory checks,
  • adapt or reject the examples if they do not fit their context.

• If there is any conflict between this document and:
  • the DustEthic Standard published on the official repositories,
  • or the most recent technical documentation, then the most recent official sources prevail.

This document must be read as a design and discussion support, not as a final description of a production system.

DustEthic turns “dust” in non custodial wallets (small unusable balances) into aggregated, traceable micro donations, through an open documented standard.

Wallets are key for DustEthic:

• they detect dust
• they host the UX
• they enable wide distribution.

This document focuses on:

• functional role of wallets in DustEthic
• technical integration options (EOA, AA, EIP 4337, EIP 7702)
• commission models for wallets
• potential gain examples
• the DustEthic wallet module mockup.

• Donor: end user, wallet owner
• Wallet: UX and signing component
• DustEthic Relayer / Aggregator: aggregation and donation logic
• Paymaster / Bundler: gas sponsorship and UserOperation handling
• NGO / Beneficiary project: final recipient
• DustEthic Standard: public rules, APIs, best practices.

The wallet is:

• UX entry point
• consent gatekeeper (explicit opt in)
• technical router (tokens, networks, frequencies, fee preferences).

The standard:

• enforces fee transparency
• enforces minimal traceability
• forbids any “yield” or investment like promise.

Typical steps:

1. open wallet
2. discover “DustEthic” module
3. read a simple explanation (dust, aggregation, actors, fees)
4. accept terms and privacy
5. choose NGO categories or NGOs.

User selects:

• networks and tokens
• dust thresholds
• action mode (manual, periodic, opportunistic).

• tap “Scan my dust”
• wallet detects balances and applies thresholds
• user selects tokens and NGOs
• wallet displays donation estimate, fees, gas
• user signs transaction or UserOperation.

• explicit activation
• monthly cap
• operation level limit
• pause and disable options
• notifications.

Case 1: EOA wallets:

• regular transactions to DustEthic Aggregator
• gas paid in native token.

Case 2: AA wallets (ERC 4337, EIP 7702):

• UserOperations or sponsored transactions
• paymaster pays gas
• smoother UX.

“DustEthic Wallet Connector” provides:

• dust detection or indexer integration
• simulations (amount, gas, fees)
• transaction or UserOperation building
• monitoring and receipts.

Relayer may act as bundler and or paymaster depending on setup.

• fees only on DustEthic flows, not on base balances
• modest percentages
• transparent breakdown (NGO, relayer, wallet, standard).

Example:

• gross donation: 100 units
• total fee: 3 %
• breakdown:
  • 1.5 % relayer
  • 1.0 % wallet
  • 0.5 % DustEthic fund
• NGO net: 97 units.

Standard requires:

• clear disclosure
• no hidden conversion fees
• optional “full NGO” mode.

• zero wallet fee mode
• sponsor covered campaigns
• premium wallet mode with extra services.

All examples are non binding.

Assumptions:

• 1 000 000 MAU
• 10 % DustEthic activation
• 2 sweeps per year
• 5 USD per sweep
• 1 % wallet commission.

Rough results:

• 100 000 DustEthic users
• 200 000 sweeps
• 1 000 000 USD donations
• about 10 000 USD wallet fees per year.

Assumptions:

• 10 000 000 MAU
• 15 % activation
• 3 sweeps per year
• 7 USD per sweep
• 1 % wallet fee.

Rough results:

• 1 500 000 users
• 4 500 000 sweeps
• about 31 500 000 USD donations
• about 315 000 USD fees per year.

• reassuring
• simple for non experts
• transparent amounts and fees.

• title “Turn your dust into donations”
• short explanation
• key bullets (control, transparency, traceability)
• “Set up DustEthic” and “Learn more” actions.

• list of tokens and networks
• balances and dust parts
• check boxes
• settings for thresholds and frequencies.

• categories (environment, education, etc.)
• NGO partner list
• future filters.

• gross donation estimate
• fees breakdown
• NGO net
• gas estimate
• “Sign and run sweep” button.

• date, network, token
• gross, fees, net
• transaction hash
• NGO.

• confusion between explicit donations and perceived auto charges
• negative perception if fees are seen as excessive.

• AA integration complexity
• cross chain management
• robust logging and receipts.

• different classifications (donation vs payment service)
• need to avoid any investment like perception.

• wallet API standardization level
• governance of the standard
• funding model for the standard.

1. Phase 0: discovery.
2. Phase 1: internal prototype on testnet.
3. Phase 2: limited pilot.
4. Phase 3: progressive rollout.
5. Phase 4: standardization and optimization.

Strengths:

• additional revenue stream
• pro social brand
• open standard.

Weaknesses:

• uncertain profitability
• UX and reputation risks
• maintenance and compliance costs.

Conclusion: DustEthic is unlikely to become a main revenue line but can be a coherent “Web3 for good” module.

• ERC 4337 - Account Abstraction:
  • https://docs.erc4337.io
  • https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/erc-4337-account-abstraction-via-entry-point-contract-specification/7160
• Account abstraction and smart wallets:
  • https://www.alchemy.com/overviews/what-is-account-abstraction
  • https://docs.stackup.fi/docs/understanding-erc-4337
• Paymasters and gas sponsorship:
  • https://www.alchemy.com/overviews/what-is-a-paymaster
• EIP 7702:
  • https://www.quicknode.com/guides/ethereum-development/smart-contracts/eip-7702-smart-accounts
  • https://www.openfort.io/blog/eip-7702-with-erc-4337
• Wallet and exchange revenue models:
  • https://streamflow.finance/blog/how-does-a-crypto-wallet-make-money
  • https://www.coinsclone.com/how-do-crypto-wallets-make-money
  • https://trusteeglobal.eu/academy/how-cryptocurrency-fees-are-calculated